Kate, I went through training on DBT, taught it to other counselors, and used it in therapy groups. It was originally geared towards treating Borderline Personality Disorder but has been used for other disorders since then. It is based upon Cognitive Behavioral Therapy techniques but removes & adds some things.....CBT may not be as helpful to someone with BPD because it directly criticizes the thinking process & BPD folks tend to respond better to more supportive therapies.....DBT supports both change and the person.....it adds some cool concepts such as mindfulness (from Buddhism) to promote self-awareness as a method to avoid negative behaviors.
Outpatient programs could include a variety of techniques. The full program ideally consists of group therapy, availability of the therapist by phone to process unexpected stressors using DBT techniques, etc. The patient must promise not to self harm. The group program contains classes on mindfulness, interpersonal effectiveness (acting in the most effective way to get your goals met--my favorite), distress tolerance, and more. Here's some more info: http://www.behavioraltech.com/downloads/dbtFaq_Cons.pdf The books I linked to earlier are good too.
In the inpatient setting, I did see some self abuse being done for attention or to manipulate others (ie, "I'll scratch myself if you don't let me have a cigarette," stuff like that). I think most times it is done as a maladaptive coping mechanism (punish oneself, to spark a feeling when emotions are numb, etc.) vs. attention.