Ratt said- Of course Jews did not believe in the heavenly resurrection. It was not taught until Jesus taught the kingdom of the heavens. Where would they get it from?
Aside from short periods of time in their recent past (eg Hasmonean Dynasty, circa 140-37 BCE, considered as an independent Kingdom of Israel which gave way to the Roman puppet government, the Herodian Dynasty), an independent Jewish state had been only a pipedream, a vague memory from their long-distant past which had been lost 600 years before when the Kingdom of Judah was conquested by the Babylonians. Think of the lure of "Paradise Lost, Paradise Regained", and Jesus played off the drive and desire for a rebuilt kingdom, on Earth as it is in Heaven". Jesus was speaking to the role of the Jesus messiah, a human who was to see a restoration of the Earthly Kingdom, where resurrection was part of the promise, with the Jewish messiah given the power to resurrect.
But when faced with the real-life reality of NO CHANCE of it coming to pass, the obvious temptation is to create a Kingdom and power that no one can see, and to curse those Earthly rulers who actually DO rule and oppress the Chosen People, and to dream of their overthrow and vanquishing at the hands of a God. We're in pure Fantasyland, now, and no hold is barred once you allow magical thinking to enter the picture, and Earthly resurrection was part of the fantasy.
It's such a seductive and alluring idea that it lived on to the present day in groups like the JWs, as all of you know quite well.
Adam