This claim is supported by passages in the New Testament, such as in the Acts of the Apostles (Acts 12:17), which attest to Peter’s presence in Rome.
No it doesn't.
"17 Peter motioned with his hand for them to be quiet and described how the Lord had brought him out of prison. “Tell James and the other brothers and sisters about this,” he said, and then he left for another place."
It's actually the type of lack of specificity that identifies fiction writing. Acts was written by a proto-Orthodox church around 150-170CE with the intention of justifying its doctrinal primacy over the many rival sects that existed by then. The Roman Catholic Church many years later continued this ruse of continuity with extensive history revisionism and mythmaking.