Analysis of Brooklyn Eagle Articles related to Miracle Wheat

by ILoveTTATT2 15 Replies latest jw friends

  • ILoveTTATT2
    ILoveTTATT2

    This article appeared in the September 22, 1911 Brooklyn Eagle. Notice the "general counsel". It is obviously Rutherford.

    CHURCH A SALESROOM FOR 'MIRACLE' WHEAT AT $60 PER BUSHEL

    Offered the Faithful Who Read Pastor Russell's Magazine.

    SOLD AT THE TABERNACLE.

    Anyone Who So Desires Can Purchase the Precious Grain at Hicks Street Headquarters.

    Many of the devoted followers or Pastor Russell, whose Indefatigable efforts in the vineyard of the Lord has attracted wide attention in Brooklyn, are awaiting with interest the result of a new experiment emanating from his headquarters in the Tabernacle, 13 and 17 Hicks street, this borough.

    The experiment is
    Miracle Wheat”.

    The society of which Pastor Russell is the head wants it distinctly understood that It has nothing whatever to do with the wheat itself beyond the fact that the grain is being sold from its headquarters, and that it expects the faithful follower who produces it to give the society the returns froth the sales.

    Because of the miraculous powers of the wheat in question, it is being sold at a slightly higher rate than that commanded by the ordinary variety. Generally speaking, the price of the “Miracle Wheat” is $60 a bushel. tI [sic] can be bought in small lots at about $1 for a pound. Or, if one desires, it can also be purchased at the rate of fifty-five pounds for $50.

    The price of ordinary wheat for which farmers claim no extraordinary or divine qualities is, according to the latest quotations, about 59 cents or $1 per bushel.

    Brother Dockey (first name refused to inquirers) is the watchdog of the wheat treasury. Brother Dockey states that from thirty to thirty-five bushels have been sold thus far, which, according to the price quoted, has netted from $1,800 to $2,100. The Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society gets this money, accord., to Brother Dockey. The society's receipts last year from the sale of religious literature, donations, etc., was $150,000, and the money realized from the sale of wheat at $60 a bushel is expected to swell this year's revenues to an even higher figure.

    Brother Dockey says that Brother J. A. Bohnet, who, Brother Dockey understands, has “a farm out in Ohio,” first discovered "miracle” wheat. This was in 1907. Since that time he has experimented with it, and other "brothers" have been told the secret, until now Brother Bohnet of Ohio and Brother Flemming of Indiana and others are able to grow enough “miracle” wheat to have it placed on sale in Brooklyn, the brothers generously agreeing to donate all the proceeds to Pastor Russell's society. The following advertisement in the Watch Tower, the semi-monthly of the society, explains the proposition:

    Brother Bohnet's Generous Offer Set Forth in Detail.

    A DONATION OF MIRACLE WHEAT

    Brother Bohnet writes us that he has gradually accumulated a crop of miracle wheat from the few grains he obtained as a start. He prefers that the first opportunity for obtaining this wheat shall go to The Watch Tower readers. He will sell it for $1 per pound, including postage, and give the entire proceeds to our society. All orders for this wheat should be addressed Miracle Wheat Bohnet, 17 Hicks street, Brooklyn, N. Y. This will keep mail on this subject separate from his personal mail and from ours.

    Brother Bohnet promises to be ready to ship this wheat by August 1. He says miracle wheat should be sowed one-fourth as thick as common wheat. Ordinarily it should produce from ten to fifteen times as much proportionately to the amount sown. To save keeping account, money should accompany the order. Watch Tower readers will have the preference up to August 15, after which orders will be attended to indiscriminately, so long as the supply holds out. This wheat should be sown in the fall.

    Brother Dockey says that some of Pastor Russell’s followers in this city came to the Tabernacle personally and bought “miracle” wheat, while others in other cities and states sent in their money by mail and Uncle Sam carried the precious grain.

    For years wheat experts in America have tried to produce wheat with the yielding qualities claimed by Brother Bohnet’s grain. Yet here is a marvelous grain that has been in existence for four years and not a big grain man in the country has known anything about it, or it would have been commercialized long ago.

    No Guarantee Goes With the Wheat, However.

    At the Tabernacle in Hicks street no guarantee is given with the “miracle” wheat that is sold that it will yield “from ten to fifteen times as much proportionately to the amount sown.” Brother Dockey admits the possibility that the “miracle” brand isn’t so wonderful as all this. He says that Brother Bohnet doesn’t claim this. Brother Dockey in substantiation of this statement points to the advertisement above quoted, pointing especially to several certain words, to wit., “ordinarily it should produce.” Brother Dockey figures that this relieves Brother Bohnet of all responsibility in case any particular lot of “miracle” wheat should prove to yield only ordinary results.

    Brother Dockey says that a wrong impression is got by anyone who, reading the advertisement, believes that Pastor Russell or the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society guarantees the worth of “miracle” wheat or that either Pastor Russell or the society has anything to do actually with promoting the sale of the wheat.

    “Here’s our lawyer right here,” said Brother Dockey today, motioning to a tall man in black who was standing near by. “He’ll explain that this society has nothing whatever to do with ‘miracle wheat.’”

    The tall man in black said he was “general counsel” for the society. He did not care to give his name.

    “Brother Dockey is right,” he said. “Anybody who says that Pastor Russell or the society is selling wheat is a liar. Brother Bohnet offered to donate his ‘miracle wheat’ and the society accepted his offer. He is merely allowed to place the wheat on sale here in the Tabernacle. Brother Dockey sells it. Neither brother has a voting share in the society. Brother Bohnet has kindly agreed to turn over all the money received for the wheat to the treasury of the society.”

    Neither Brother Dockey nor the “general counsel” make any claim that the “miracle wheat” has an intrinsic value of $60 a bushel.

    “The advertisement in the Watch Tower does not say that ‘miracle’ wheat is worth $1 a pound,” said the general counsel. “It says simply that Brother Bohnet is willing to sell it at that price. It is purely a donation sale, for the benefit of the society, and those who buy at the price quoted, do so with the understanding and the idea that they are voluntarily giving aid to the society. I might place high value upon worthless forniture [sic] if I wished to, and if people wanted to buy at the price I named they could do so if they wished, though I made no claims that the furniture had any real value beyond that of ordinary furniture.”

    Although Brother Bohnet is not a member of the society, according to the “general counsel,” it is a fact that he finds time between tending his “miracle” wheat on his Ohio farm, to lecture before Bible classes. Brother Bohnet just now is lecturing out in Washington or Canada. Brother Dockey is not sure just which.



    So this one article tells us:

    1) That it was easy to know that this was extremely overpriced.
    2) That the Society received around $3.7M in 2016 dollars in 1911
    3) That any person who knew anything about wheat would know this wasn't really "miraculous". If it was, then more people would know about it.
    4) They were already planning for failure, "you didn't read the fine print".
    5) Rutherford called himself "general counsel", not "judge", was prideful, and possibly knew they were selling worthless things at a high price.

  • ILoveTTATT2
    ILoveTTATT2

    On September 23, 1911, in the Brooklyn Eagle, this picture appeared.

    Russell sued the Eagle for libel because of this picture, and lost the case.

    The picture implied that Russell was making easy money, and that if he could manage to get his followers to buy Miracle Wheat at 60 times the regular price, then he could be of much "help" in the corrupt Union Bank.

  • ILoveTTATT2
    ILoveTTATT2

    September 23, 1911, Brooklyn Eagle:

    SKEPTICAL UNCLE SAM SEEKS TO KNOW MORE ABOUT 'MIRACLE' GRAIN

    Postoffice Inspector Dickson Will Have the Wheat Sold in Tabernacle Tested, He Says.

    PASTOR RUSSELL IS LOYAL,

    But He Doubts the Faith of Those Who Are Not Members of His Faithful Band.

    Uncle Sam has decided to make an official test of the "Miracle" wheat sold at $60 a bushel at Pastor Russell's Tabernacle in order that the faithful who have invested their money, and a waiting world as well, may learn more fully of the astonishing merits of the precious grain.

    W. W. Dickson, chief of the postal inspectors in Manhattan, has received a communication regarding the notice which appeared in Pastor Russell's semi-monthly, The Watch Tower, setting forth the unusual qualities of "miracle wheat." He promises to set going the wheels of inquiry. He says the Watch Tower notice may or may not represent grain that yields from ten to fifteen times the amount sown, and may be worth $1 a pound, as advertised. But he wants to find out. Accordingly, he has mapped out a plan. It is likely that Inspector John N. Parsons, who generally conducts investigations into Brooklyn affairs, will have the task of testing the yielding qualities of "miracle wheat." Pastor Russell said today that he had full confidence in the qualities of the grain, as noted in the Watch Tower, but he admitted that his confidence was based only upon letters written to him by “brothers” of the "millennial dawn" sect, and that he had never supervised the sowing and growing of "miracle wheat.”

    Inspector Dickson will ask that he be furnished with a sample of "miracle" wheat. It will be analyzed by Government chemists in Manhattan. Along with the sample, Inspector Dickson's men will find out who bought “miracle” wheat from Brother Dockey, the watchdog of the cereal treasury, so that it may be learned what interstate shipments were made of "miracle" grain.

    Brother Dockey Says Supply of Wheat Is Limited.

    Pastor Russell could not state today just how much "miracle wheat" there was on hand at the Tabernacle. He telephoned Brother Dockey to come right over to Pastor Russell 'shome [sic] at 124 Columbia Heights. Brother Dockey did so. Brother Dockey announced that the supply was limited. It is still selling at $60 a bushel, only there isn't enough for any one person to buy as much as two bushels. So Brother Dockey is selling preferably by the pound, still at $1 a pound. He had 20 pounds left a few days ago, but someone—he thought it was another "brother"—telegraphed from California that he must have 100 pounds. So Brother Dockey is reserving 100 pounds until the Californian sends on $100. This leaves 100 pounds still in sale at the Tabernacle. Brother Dockey was loath to name the amount until Pastor Russell gave him permission.

    An Eagle reporter yesterday bought one pound for $1. Brother hockey wouldn't sell it for less, though the reporter shamelessly tried to "beat him down." Today Pastor Russell, in Brother Dockey's presence, made an offer to the reporter.

    Pastor Russell Would Buy Back Reporter's Wheat.

    "If you will bring that pound of wheat back I will pay you what you gave for it," said Pastor Russell. The reporter indicated that his pound of "miracle wheat" was not for sale.

    "It's pretty late to plant it now, unless you send it down South," reminded Brother Dockey.

    Brother Dockey stated that less than 5 per cent of all the "miracle wheat" sold at the Tabernacle went to people other than Pastor Russell's followers. "Other people than my own," explained Pastor Russell, "wouldn't believe that this wheat contains extraordinary qualities. It is too much of a miracle for them to comprehend."

    "It wouldn't do to try to fool our own people, either," Brother Dockey interpolated. "If we did that they would never have confidence in us again."

    Pastor Russell says that as long as Brother Bohnet, Brother Flemming and other "brothers" continue to display generosity enough to hand over the proceeds from the sale of "miracle wheat" to the society, the grain will be sold' at the Tabernacle. Regarding the advertisement in the Watch Tower, Pastor Russell says that, as Brother Dockey said yesterday, no guarantee is offered that "miracle wheat" possesses powers of extraordinary yield. Pastor Russell does say, however, that he was responsible for the notice being inserted in the Watch Tower and that he believes in "miracle wheat" and intended to have his readers, all over the world, fully understand that he thought highly of it.


    Here we see that Russell had fears that the Miracle wheat was not going to work, he had elitism even for the wheat, he was deluded to think that wheat would produce or not based on "faith", that there WERE ads placed in the Watchtower, that he had responsibility for the ad, and that he knew he was respected. It also shows that there was a "cult of personality". If Russell liked it, than people would buy it.

  • cofty
    cofty
    Interesting thanks. I had a teacher at school who liked to remind me about this debacle.
  • Listener
    Listener
    "Other people than my own," explained Pastor Russell, "wouldn't believe that this wheat contains extraordinary qualities. It is too much of a miracle for them to comprehend."

    That is an incredible statement to make, it's a pity he didn't print that in his own publications but I think reporters in those days were much more reputable and would not have reported it if he didn't say it.

    Firstly he states that HE owns his people and that he can make them believe whatever he tells them to believe. It's fine for the Watchtower to claim that Russell didn't personally make anything financially from the sale but the Watchtower did, he basically owned the Watchtower and 'owned' his followers through the use of this instrument. Even though the Watchtower would not admit to this, it is more damning that the sale and profits were directly attributed to them rather than an individual person (being Russell). The fact remains that Russell was personally responsible for this.

    Although the defenders spent much more effort in portraying Russell as being innocent of all this, it is the organization that is supposed to be the earthly part of God's Kingdom and in the spotlight. In reality, back then, Russell was the organization but it's interesting that they focus on Russell and not the organization.

    It also goes beyond the idea that 'miracle wheat' was just given that name or label by the original owner, with the suggestion that there was no claim that it was miraculous, his statement shows that he did want to convey that it was.

    W 53 5/15 Brother Russell neither named it nor profited from it

    Yearbook 75 The conduct of Brother Russell and the Society in connection with Miracle Wheat was completely open and aboveboard.

    You are doing some fantastic research on this ILoveTtatt, you are furthering the proof that the above claim is false and that this claim that they have maintained even in 1975 was also not completely open and aboveboard. Interesting though, not only was Bro. Russell unblemished with this affair but the Society was also.

    I wonder what is more damning, that Russel went along with this scam in the first place or the claims and excuses that the Watchtower make 60 years later.


  • slimboyfat
    slimboyfat

    What a great cartoon. Cartoons are some of the best historical sources because they capture so much nuance of a historical moment. For the same reason they can be terribly difficult to interpret unless you are immersed in the discourses.

  • tiki
    tiki
    Amazing how gullible people can be....but they lacked scientific savvy that we now take for granted. Talk about grasping at straws.....
  • ILoveTTATT2
    ILoveTTATT2

    September 24, 1911

    It started with this:


    The Brooklyn Eagle had been reporting on it for just THREE DAYS, and it already had the recipe for a massive WT PR disaster. The USDA knew that the "Stoner" wheat was no good as far back as 1908, three years before it was sold through the Watchtower. The USDA might have forced Stoner to reduce his price from $75 a bushel to $5 a bushel, right about the time when the Watchtower was selling at $60 a bushel. The Watchtower got itself into trouble from the second the first pound was sold!

    I will put the rest of the september 24, 1911 article soon.


  • ILoveTTATT2
    ILoveTTATT2

    I will start commenting in this color so that my comments are separate from the article.

    Again, we see Russell's pride. It was not that Stoner had prayed for it, it was whatever he thought was "undoubtedly" the explanation for it.

    We see that sensible people, people who actually knew about wheat, would write to the USDA and would accept scientifically validated results. Not Russell. If "Brother Bohnet" says it produces, it produces!

    This is what the Brooklyn Eagle of September 24, 1911 had to say (emphasis mine):


    The "miracle wheat" which is being sold at Pastor Russell's Tabernacle in Hicks street at $60 a bushel—small lots at $1 a pound—is not the only "miracle wheat" of which the Agricultural Department authorities at Washington have knowledge.

    There is a wheat company in Philadelphia which is also selling the "miracle" brand of grain. The company bears the name of Stoner. Pastor Russell said yesterday that it was the Stoner brand of "miracle" cereal from which Brother Bohnet, who supplies some of the wheat sold at the Tabernacle in Hicks street secured the first grains, which Pastor Russell indorses.

    The Stoner concern, in Philadelphia., sells its "miracle" wheat at only $5 a bushel. Careful calculation in arithmetic shows that this is $55 less than is charged at Pastor Russell's house of worship for the same brand of "miracle" grain.

    "Does Not Merit Extravagant Claims Made for It."

    The Agricultural Department has examined the Stoner brand of "miracle" wheat, the same grain from which Pastor Russell says that sold at his Tabernacle sprung, and an official of the Department has stated in a communication to H. W. Collingwood, editor of The Rural New Yorker, that "it does not merit the extravagant claims made for it."

    The Rural New Yorker has a high reputation among agriculturists as an investigator of newly-discovered gifts from Mother Earth. When the editor heard about "miracle" wheat being advertised he wrote to the Agricultural Department, and the Department sent him a letter, as follows:

    "As you know, the name 'miracle' is used interchangeably with others such as 'mummy,' seven-headed, "Egyptian,' etc., to designate the group known as Triticum compositum. To this group belongs also the 'Alaska,' which nearly three years ago was offered at the exorbitant price of $20 per bushel and was pronounced a fake.

    "A number of years ago, however, a variety of wheat called 'miracle' was brought to our attention by a Mr. K. B. Stoner of Fincastle, Va., who claimed to have produced it in a miraculous manner —that is, as the result of prayer that he might discover or in some way produce an extraordinarily profitable wheat; hence the name 'miracle.' This wheat was afterward exploited by promoters.

    This variety does not belong to the ' Group T compositum before mentioned, but is closely related to the soft winter wheats of the Atlantic Coast, of which Fultz, Fulcaster, etc., are leading types. From our experiments with Mr. Stoner's variety we have found, it to be satisfactory, but particularly for the region where it was first grown; it does not merit the extravagant claims made for it. It is a little better, perhaps, than the varieties grown in Virginia and vicinity only because it was carefully selected strain."

    Pastor Russell Does Not Credit Production by Prayer.

    From the above it may be seen that the Stoner wheat, that is selling at $5 a bushel in Philadelphia, is claimed to have been produced through prayer. Pastor Russell said yesterday that he didn't have any faith personally that "miracle" wheat had sprung up because Mr. Stoner had prayed.

    "In Ezekiel the Lord said: 'I will call for corn and increase it,' " quoth Pastor Russell yesterday. "Now I think this miracle wheat is a sign that the Lord is increasing the wheat of the earth. As to Mr. Stoner having produced his brand of wheat through prayer, I do not believe that he did. But undoubtedly the Lord is signifying through this wondrous grain that He is now preparing to keep His word."

    So far as the bread-making quality in "miracle" wheat is concerned the "divine" grain has nothing in it to make it worth fifty or sixty times the ordinary wheat dealt in at the Produce Exchange in Manhattan.

    Dr. John C. Olsen, analytical and consulting chemist at the Polytechnic Institute, who is secretary of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, yesterday analyzed some of the "miracle" wheat sold at the Tabernacle in Hicks street, to determine if the protein, or gluten, or "bread-making" quality, was developed to any remarkable extent.

    Dr. Olsen's analysis shows that "miracle" wheat contains 14.07 per cent. protein. Government reports show that the maximum amount of protein in domestic wheat is 17.15 per cent., the minimum 8.58 per cent. and the average 12.23.

  • ILoveTTATT2
    ILoveTTATT2

    Here the Brooklyn Eagle starts really mocking Russell. He quickly became the laughingstock of many thousands of people, others offered to "help" by giving him normal wheat and having him (or the Watchtower Society) keep the profit. Again, people who know wheat immediately recognize it as regular wheat. The Post office started a fraud investigation, so things were getting serious for Russell.

    September 25, 1911

    MIRACLE WHEAT IN DEMAND ON THE PRODUCE EXCHANGE

    Brokers Ask for Quotations on Pastor Russell’s “Divine” Grain.

    HAVE SOME “JUST AS GOOD.”

    Postal Authorities to Test True Value of Religious $60-a-Bushel Stuff.

    Chief Postal Inspector W. W. Dickson, in Manhattan, said today that he was "Preparing a case" in connection with the “Miracle” wheat which is on sale at Pastor Russell's Tabernacle in Hicks street, Brooklyn, the price still being $60 a bushel, with small lots to be had at $1 a pound. Inspector Dickson said he expects to have the case ready within a few days to place in the hands of Postal Inspector John N. Parsons, who handles Brooklyn Post Office investigations.

    "My men have been pretty well tied up with the Flagg case in Manhattan and with handling the 'aerial special delivery' service at the aviation meet." Inspector Dickson explained today. "I am preparing a case in the matter of 'Miracle' wheat and expect to turn It over to Inspector Parsons in Brooklyn soon.

    "It Is not true that Inspector Kinkade has issued an order against this wheat being sent through the mails. This would not be done unless we know for a certainty that this 'Miracle' wheat hadn't the yielding qualities claimed for It. We have no way of knowing this yet and at present no such order will be issued."

    Chance for Brother Dockey to Make $59 a Bushel.

    It was learned today that a complaint regarding the "Miracle" wheat being sold here has reached the office of the chief inspector of the Post Office Department in Washington. Chief Inspector R. J. Sharp has turned the complaint over to the Third Assistant Postmaster General, division of classification, and the matter, according to a letter written by inspector Sharp, will be given proper attention at the earliest date practicable.

    "Miracle" wheat is a matter of discussion these days on the Produce Exchange in Manhattan. Brokers are asking one another with some amount of sarcasm if they have "any 'Miracle' wheat for sale this morning.” Benjamin. F. Schwartz, a member of the Exchange. announces that he will supply Pastor Russell with wheat just as good as that sold at the Tabernacle at $60 a bushel and will charge Brother Dockey or Brother Bohnet or any other "brothers" only about $1 a bushel for it, giving persons interested in the success of the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society a chance to make $59 a bushel profit.

    Alexander Forbes, vice president of Peter Henderson & Co.. 35 Cortlandt street, Manhattan, one of the oldest seed firms In the country, says that offers of "Miracle" wheat have often been made to the company but that the company would “run away” from any grain that carried the term “Miracle” with it.

    “lf Pastor Russell or anyone else came in here and offered us 'Miracle' wheat, Mr. Forbes said, "we would politely show him the door."

    M. Reilly, a grain dealer at 175 Pacific street, offers to sell Pastor Russell wheat which is, says Mr, Reilly, as good as the advertised "Miracle" wheat, at 10 cents a pound, giving the Tabernacle people a chance to make 90 cents a pound profit.

    Still Better Chance to Make $59.05 Profit.

    J. C. Jube, superintendent of the Hecker flour mills in Manhattan, was shown a sample of “Miracle” wheat. He sent for his head miller, who examined the “divine” grain with great interest. Then the head miller disappeared and returned later with a sample package of No. 2 Red, soft winter wheat. In appearance it was the same as the “Miracle” wheat, and Superintendent Forbes said he would stake his reputation as a wheat man for years that the wheat the head miller brought in - it sells at 95 cents a bushel – was just as good as the “Miracle” brand. Both wheats were grown in Ohio.

    The “Miracle” wheat was first grown in Pennsylvania, according to Pastor Russell. Brother Bohnet’s contributed grains were grown in Ohio and Brother Flemming’s in Indiana. The best wheat, according to grain experts, comes from none of these States, but from the North-west and Canada.

    According to Dr. John C. Olsen, the Polytechnic Institute chemist and an authority on pure foodstuffs, it is not possible to take the best Pennsylvania grain, plant it in Ohio and then have Pennsylvania quality grow. The result will be Ohio quality, for climate and soil will be determining factors. Dr. Olson does not see, accordingly, how “Miracle” wheat grown in comparatively poor wheat soil of an Eastern State can have extraordinary qualities when planted in also comparatively poor wheat soil this side of the region where the country’s best wheat is grown.

Share this

Google+
Pinterest
Reddit