raymond frantz:
"The image is not the same as as the prototype"
Who said the Son is the same (in person) as the Father? You are confusing the Nicene Christology with Sabellian Modalism.
In the original Greek it's eikon. if you're really Greek, you should know that is word has a much deeper meaning the the English word "image".
Prōtotokos does not mean "first created" but "firstborn". The first half of the word "first" here does not mean first in order, but roughly like in the English word "Prime Minister", "prime" does not mean the first ever minister. And the second half of the word says the same thing as the Nicene Christology: born. In the contemporary context, prōtotokos here is a title, a dignified name, roughly meaning "distinguished, pre-eminent heir".
Let's see the next thought, "pasēs ktiseōs" is in the genitive case, which in English we connect with "of". Jehovah's Witnesses interpret it approximately as "among", thus "firstborn among the creatures'', even though in the case when Paul expressly wanted to include the firstborn in that group, instead of using the genitive case, he specifically put it this way, like in Romans 8:29 where he calls the Son "the firstborn among many brothers" (en pollois adelphois).
In the Old Testament the nation of Israel was called "firstborn" (Exodus 4:22), even though it was not counted among the nations (Numbers 23:9). So in Biblical context being "firstborn" of a something, doesn't mean that the firstborn is to be counted a part among that category.
In summary, the correct meaning of "prōtotokos pasēs ktiseōs" here is not that he is the first created being, but rather that he is "distinguished, pre-eminent heir (ruler) of the whole creation", thus "over the whole creation." This interpretation corresponds to the linguistic and cultural context of the time and the biblical context also.
Nowhere does the Bible call the Son a created being (ktistheis), a creature (ktisma) or the first creature (protoktisma or protoktisis). Indeed, he declares that he created everything, and without him nothing came into being that came into being It follows logically from all of this that it cannot belong to the created, became things, so it cannot be the "first creature" either. In the Bible, there is only one Creator, God himself (Genesis 2:4-7, Acts 14:15), and God created everything himself with his own hands (Neh 9:6, Isa 44:24, 45:12, 48:13 , Psalm 95:5-6). Creation is the work of God alone and directly. Another question is whether God is more than Father: He is also Son, and when God created, then the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit created.
The fact that Christians considered the Son to be God and uncreated long before the Arian controversy can be well supported by contemporary sources, including the writings of the apostolic fathers.
The Son really receives his being, but not by creation, but by birth (also known as "begotten"), and not in time, but from eternity (John 1:1a: "In the beginning was the Word", and not "In the beginning God created the Word" compare Genesis 1:1), therefore he is eternal, like the Father, therefore he has no beginning in time (he is the beginning), and such qualities can only be possessed by God, therefore God is as real as the Father. The New Testament and Early Christians emphasize many times that the Son is "born" and "begotten" from the father, but nowhere says he is merely a creature or he is made. There is a significant difference between the two.
In the New Testament, the Greek word gennaó, related to the birth of the Son, is the same word that appears in the Nicene Creed (which was originally written in Greek, like the New Testament), when it says that the Son was "begotten, not made." Thus, Trinitarian theology's terminology here directly follows the language of Scripture. The word gennaó is not the same as female childbirth ("tikto"); it can be translated more like "begetting." It expresses that the essence of the Son is identical to the essence of the Father and not a creature.
The formulation of John 1:1a "In the beginning was the Word..." (as opposed to "became", or "is created", or "came to be", as in John 1:3) was an important reference during the Arian controversy, since Arius asserted that the Son was a perfect creature, at most a kind of demigod subordinated to the Father. Arius insisted ‘there was when he [the Logos] was not.’ The opponents of the Arianism pointed out that according to John 1:1a the Son "in the beginning" already "was", not became, and consequently is not a creature, and did not come into existence in time, but is eternal like the Father.
In order to condemn Arianism, the First Council of Nicaea formalized the creed, according to which the Son is "begotten from the Father before all ages (æons), Light from light, true God from true God, begotten, not created, of the same substance (homoousios) with the Father". At the same time, the synod anathemized those, who say 'There was a time when He was not;' or 'He was not before he was made;' or 'He was made out of nothing,' or 'He is of another substance' or 'essence,' or 'The Son of God is created,' or 'changeable,' or 'alterable'.
you just need to put together the following biblical verses, examining them in their original text:
- Neh 9:6, Isa 44:24, 45:12, 48:13 , Psalm 95:5-6
- John 1:1-4
- Philippians 2:5-11 ----> here the only word which is difficult to translate is "harpagos", which only could be circumscribed. The good analogy for "harpagmos" is something like Gollam clings the one ring in the Lord of the Rings
- Colossians 1:15-20
- the whole 1st chapter of the Hebrews
I really cannot understand how anyone who has read the first chapter of the Epistle to the Hebrews can say that the Bible teaches that the Son is an angel? The NWT translators forgot to insert the usual word "other" to appropriate places where the narrator speaks of "all the angels" :-)
You just have to answer the rhetorical questions the Scripture ask you there:
- For to which of the angels did God ever say,
- “You are my Son; today I have begotten you”?
- And, “In the beginning, Lord, you founded the earth, and the heavens are the work of your hands"? (quote from Psalms 102:25, where it's stated about YHWH God)
Here the narrator is talking about the Father's statements to and about the Son. It is no coincidence that Paul wrote this letter to the Hebrews, that is, to the Jews, who knew the Old Testament well, and in their eyes to attribute such statements to an angel would be blasphemy, since he makes statements about the Son that, in the light of the Old Testament statements, only are applicable to YHWH God.
You should just answer the rhetorical question YHWH God asks in Isaiah 44:24. There is clearly no place for a secondary creator demigod.
How can you say that the Son is not of the same substance, if Hebrew 1:3 clearly says about the Son, that he is ""exact imprint/representation/expression [charaktér] of God’s very being/substance [hypostasis]" ?
The real teaching of the Bible about the Son is clearly the same which the Nicene creed contains, that the Son is
"begotten of the Father before all ages/world (æons)". The respective word here (æons) is the same in Hebrews 1:2:
"through whom he also created the ages/worlds". If the Son is begotten before the creation of the aións, it clearly means He has no beginning in time, since He is begotten
before the creation of time, that's why John 1:1a says that in the beginning He already
was, therefore eternal, and only fully God can be eternal. The Nicene formula fully summarizes biblical teachings both in its content and in its terminology. The only term that is truly a later development is the term homoúsios, but it is a direct consequence of the cited biblical statements that if the Son is the exact image (eikon, character) of the Father's hypostasis, what else could the Son be but not "of one substance" with the Father?
- Where does the Bible say that the Son was created or that he is a creature? Nowhere.
- On the contrary: that he was born / begotten.
- Where does the Bible say that the Son is an angel? Nowhere.
- On the contrary, He is superior to all the angels.
- Where does the Bible say that Son is the same as archangel Michael? Nowehere.
- The difference between Jesus and Michael is also well illustrated by their relationship with Satan: the apostle Jude writes that Michael "did not dare" to bring condemnation/judgment on Satan (Jude 9; cf. 2 Peter 2:11), but Jesus pronounced a clear judgment on him (Jn 16:11; cf. John 5:22, 27; 1 John 3:8; Col 2:15).
- Does it say the Son is LORD and GOD? Yes, in many places.
- Where does the Bible say that the Son had a beginning in time, and there was a time when he didn't exist? Nowhere.
- On the contrary, the Bible writes that even time, the ages (aions), were created by him and in the beginning He already was.
You see, it is not that difficult, with these few steps we have reached the content of the Nicene Creed.