Silvanus

by peacefulpete 6 Replies latest watchtower bible

  • peacefulpete
    peacefulpete

    This is more of an inquiry than anything else. The character Silvanus has largely gone unnoticed in modern times yet he seems to have been a notable man in the formative years of Xtianity. 1 Thess and 2 Thess both open with the identical words, claiming the letters were from Paul, Silvanus and Timothy. 1 Cor 1:19 likewise goes out of it's way to use the formula. Few modern scholars feel that 2 Thess is pauline but 1 thess has also rightly been questioned. The phrase at 1 Cor seems to easily be an interpolation. Then we find our friend Silvanus being the secrtary of "Peter" at 1 Peter 5:12 calling him a "faithful brother". Textual critics have recognized again that these epistles of "peter" are psuedonymous late works, and generally antignostic. Acts 15,16,17 make use of the character (using Aramaic form of name Silas) as a leading man in Jerusalem who helps bridge the rift between Paulinist and Jewish Xtianity.

    Then there's the Nag Hammadi text ' 'Teachings of Silvanus'. (dated by trdaitional Xtian scholars to 150 CE about the same time as 2 Peter but by Radical Critics earlier). This work can only be called a protoGnostic work using language from wisdom literature, and resembling GJohn in many ways.

    Obviously this fella was someone that everyone wanted to call a partner. It is possible that the Nag Ham. text best reflects his actual religious views, tho reasonably it was redacted as usual. There is even a line in the work that refers to Paul:

    "But the man who does nothing is unworthy of (being called) rational man. The rational man is he who fears God. He who fears God does nothing insolent. And he who guards himself against doing anything insolent is one who keeps his guiding principle. Although he is a man who exists on earth, he makes himself like God. But he who makes himself like God is one who does nothing unworthy of God, according to the statement of Paul, who has become like Christ."

    Just how he felt Paul had become like Christ, I don't know. This type of statement seems more fitting for a later time but I don't know.

    Anyone have comments or input to try to flesh out this Silvanus?

  • Leolaia
    Leolaia

    Also note that in later lists of the "Seventy", Silas and Silvanus figure as two distinct individuals, the former as the bishop of Corinth and the latter as the bishop of Thessalonica. It's all an enigma about the relation between the two. Also, Silvanus is name of a Roman demigod (of the forests or something like that?) and Silas is a genuine Semitic name, attested also in Josephus and in inscriptions.

  • Narkissos
    Narkissos

    Silas (Greek form of Aramaic Siba?) in Acts, Silvanus (Latin) in Pauline / postPauline tradition... are they the same?

    Are they distinguished in the Hypotyposes of Clement Alexandrinus as quoted by Eusebius (which also distinguishes Peter and Cephas)?

    The mention of Silvanus in 1 Peter 5:12 seems to be part of a Roman addition (mentioning also "Babylon" and "Mark").

    Btw, in Acts 16:37s Silas seems to be a Roman citizen as well as Paul...

    Could this character be a Roman signature into the texts?

    Enigmatic indeed.

  • Leolaia
    Leolaia
    The mention of Silvanus in 1 Peter 5:12 seems to be part of a Roman addition (mentioning also "Babylon" and "Mark"). Btw, in Acts 16:37s Silas seems to be a Roman citizen as well as Paul... Could this character be a Roman signature into the texts?

    About the connection between Silvanus and Rome, check this out:

    Silvanus (the 'forester', God of the Woods) was popular at Rome, sometimes associated with Mars. He had no official cult , but in Rome had his figure beside the temple of Saturn (who in some legends is his father), and two sanctuaries dedicated to him. He was propiated when a tree was cut down, or a forest cleared.

    http://www.belinus.co.uk/mythology/Dionysusretinue.htm

    Silas would be derived from Hebrew sh'l "to ask", specfically in the form sh'yl' ("he who has been asked for"), which in Greek would be rendered as Sila. In Josephus, the following individuals bear the name Silas: (1) a tyrant of Lysias (Ant. 14.32.40), (2) a friend of Agrippa I (Ant. 18.67.204, 19.63.299, 19.71.317-325), (3) a commandant of Tiberias (Vit. 17.89, 53.272; BJ, 2.216.616), (4) a commandant from Babylon (BJ, 2.192.520). Interestingly, manuscript (D) varies between Seilas and Silas; the former is attested in Greek texts from Edessa and Coele-Syria.

    Leolaia

  • Narkissos
    Narkissos

    I mistyped [Silas < Sila < Se'ila']... But thinking of it -- what a convenient name for [Sha'ul > Saulos = Paul]'s missionary twin...

  • Leolaia
    Leolaia

    Ohmygosh....you're right, Narkissos, Silas and Saul come from the same Semitic root!!! Weird....... you gotta think what that might mean? Could they relate two separate traditions of the same individual, whose name was Hellenized differently in different communities, and when the traditions converged Luke spoke of "Paul and Silas" evangelizing in the same area, but when the traditions diverged the actions were attributed to separate individuals?? Hmmmm....

  • Leolaia
    Leolaia

    BTW, the source I used noted that sh'yl' is a semantic equivalent of sh'wl.

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